不同干预方法减轻麻醉恢复期患者口腔干燥的效果比较

Comparison of the effects of different intervention methods on alleviating xerostomia in patients during anesthesia recovery period

目的比较不同干预方法减轻麻醉恢复期患者口腔干燥的效果，探讨缓解麻醉恢复期患者口腔干燥症状的最佳方法。方法选取2015年3月-2016年6月解放军总医院全麻术后入麻醉恢复室患者108例，随机分为试验1组（27例）、试验2组（26例）、条件对照组（28例）和空白对照组（27例）。试验1组、试验2组、条件对照组拔管后分别给予柠檬水喷雾、维生素C喷雾、温开水喷雾湿润口腔，每隔10min 1次，每次2ml，空白对照组不施加干预措施。比较患者干预前、干预后20min、干预后50min口腔干燥程度视觉模拟评分及恶心、呕吐、腹痛、腹胀等不良反应发生情况。结果干预后20min、干预后50min，试验1组口干评分低于试验2组、条件对照组和空白对照组，差异有统计学意义[（干预后20min Dunnett-t=-1．200，-1．733，-1．733；P〈0．01）（预后50min Dunnett—t=-2．150，-2．500，-5．567；P〈0．01）]。结论使用柠檬水喷雾湿润口腔能够有效缓解术后麻醉恢复期患者的口腔干燥症状，效果优于维生素C、温开水。

Objective To compare the effects of different intervention methods on relieving the xerostomia and to explore the best method to relieve xerostomia in patients during anesthesia recovery period. Methods A total of 108 patients in post anesthesia care unit after general anesthesia were recruited from March 2015 to June 2016 in Chinese PLA General Hospital. They were randomly divided into the experimental group 1 （27 cases） , experimental group 2 （26 cases） , condition conditional group （28 cases）, blank control group （27 cases） with different methods of moistening oral cavity after extubation with 2 ml at a time for every 10 minutes including lemon water sprayer, vitamin C sprayer, warm water sprayer and non-intervention. And then, the visual analogue scale （VAS） for the intensity of xerostomia and the prevalence of adverse reactions including nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, abdominal distension and so on were compared before intervention, 20 minutes and 50 minutes after intervention. Results The results showed that the scores of VAS in the experimental group 1 were lower than those in the experimental group 2, the conditional control group and the blank control group 20 minutes and 50 minutes after intervention with significant differences [ （ Dnnnett-t= - 1.200, -1.733, - 1. 733; P〈0.01 ; 20 minutes after intervention）, （ Dunnett-t = -2. 150, -2.500, - 5. 567 ; P 〈 0.01 ; 50 minutes after intervention） 1- Conclusions The application of the lemon water sprayer for moistening oral cavity can effectively relieve the xerostomia in patients during anesthesia recovery period. Besides, the effects of the lemon water sprayer are better than those of vitamin C sprayer and warm water sprayer.