拟南芥种子含油量突变体的筛选与相关功能基因鉴定

Screening of Oil Content Mutant in Arabidopsis thaliana and Gene Identification

我国油菜含油量低,严重影响了国产菜籽的市场竞争力,提高含油量是油菜育种的当务之急。拟南芥与油菜同属十字花科,利用拟南芥筛选油脂合成及调控相关的新基因并将其应用于油菜,是快速选育高油油菜品种的有效手段。本研究采用密度梯度离心方法及核磁共振检测油菜种子的含油量,从6 868份拟南芥突变体库资源中筛选得到9个种子含油量较野生型呈显著性差异的株系。通过T-DNA插入突变的特点,筛选得到6个调控种子油脂合成的候选基因:AT2G19450、AT3G26790、AT3G54320、AT5G06270、AT2G21840和AT3G47450,其中AT5G06270,AT2G21840和AT3G47450属于未知功能基因,为深入研究种子含油量和其调控机理提供了一定的参考。

Rapeseed is the largest source of edible vegetable oil in China. Rapeseed oil accounts for more than 55 of domestic oil production, so it is of great significance to the security of national edible oil supply. The relative low oil content of rapeseed in our country seriously affects the competitiveness of domestic rapeseed market, so improving the oil content is given high priority in rapeseed breeding. Arabidopsis and rapeseed both belong to Cruciferae, it will be an effective method for high oil content rapeseed fast breeding by screening new genes related to fat synthesis in Ara- bidopsis and applying them to rapeseed. In our study by using density gradient centrifugation and nuclear magnetic resonance （NMR） methods, the oil contents of 9 Arabidopsis lines were found changing dramatically compared with wild type among 6868 Arabidopsis T-DNA insertion lines. Mutant identification primers at the T-DNA insertion sites were desighed and 6 genes were identified： AT2G19450, AT3G26790, AT3G54320, AT5G06270, AT2G21840 and AT3G47450. Among them, the first three genes （AT2G19450, AT3G26790, AT3G54320） have been studied and reported, whereas the last three genes （ATSG06270, AT2G21840,AT3G47450） remain functional unknown. The functions of these three genes and their regulation mechanism of oil content need to be studied further.