不同年型控灌中蓄稻田水分变化特征分析研究

Analytical Study on Characteristics of Moisture Changes in Different Types of Paddy Fields with Water-catching and Controllable Irrigation

控灌中蓄是在控制灌溉(排水)技术和蓄雨型节水灌溉技术的基础上,依据南方地区稻植期雨量多而发展起来的一种节水灌溉制度。本文从不同年型稻田各水分要素在田间的分布和变化情况入手,通过比较控灌中蓄和常规灌溉模式下有效降雨量、灌溉用水量、水稻需水量、田间耗水量、稻田排水量之间的差异,掌握不同年型水稻生育期田间水分分布和变化规律。通过对水稻不同年型田间灌溉以及对降雨的利用情况进行分析,比较水稻控灌中蓄和常规灌排模式下水稻需水量之间的差异,探索水分利用效率之间差异的根源,阐明控灌中蓄生态节水灌溉模式的节水机理,旨在为节水灌溉技术下土壤水分管理和调控提供依据。

Water-catching and controllable irrigation is a mechanism on water saving and irrigation evolved in accordance with big raindrop during paddy plantion season in the southern area on the basis of controlling irrigation（ drainage）technology and rainfall conservation type water-saving irrigation technique. Starting from distribution and changes of varying moisture elements in different types of paddy fields,this article gets hold of moisture distribution and changing rules during growing period of different paddies by contrasting valid effective rainfall,irrigation water capacity,paddy water demand,field water consumption and discharge volume in paddy fields. By analyzing irrigation on different types of paddy fields and use of raindrops,it compares the difference between water-catching and controllable irrigation and paddy demand water under routine irrigation model,digs into sources giving rise to variation among efficiency of water use and spells out watersaving mechanism of water-catching and controllable irrigation model for the purpose of providing basis for management and control of soil moisture under water-saving irrigation technology.