中文版《青少女性自我保护意识量表》构建及其信度和效度评价

Development and assessment of reliability and validity of Chinese version of sexual self-protective awareness scale for adolescent female

目的构建适用于中国文化框架下青少女性自我保护意识量表（SSPAS）,并检验其信度与效度。方法翻译并主要参考英文版SSPAS量表等文献,确定中国16-18岁青少女为调查人群,结合对中国青少女半结构访谈结果和专家咨询意见,形成中文版SSPAS预实验量表,在中国16-18岁青少女中调查修订为中文版SSPAS验证量表,再在另一中国16-18岁青少女人群中行信度和效度评价。中文版SSPAS预实验和验证量表集中于学校匿名填写,填写问卷时间约10 min。对施测量表条目采用等距5级评分,即从不如此、很少如此、偶尔如此、经常如此和总是如此,分别赋予1、2、3、4和5分,得分越高表示性自我保护意识越好。结果中文版SSPAS预实验量表基于321名中国16-18岁青少女学生,有效问卷88.2%;中文版SSPAS验证量表基于560名中国16-18岁青少女学生,有效问卷91.2%。经探索性因子分析,中文版SSPAS量表由22个条目组成,包括性健康态度、性自我概念和性危险行为3个公因子,累计贡献率为72.5%;各条目内容效度指数为0.902-0.922,量表总体内容效度指数为0.918;总量表的Cronbach＇sα系数为0.842,重测信度为0.886;验证性因子分析,卡方值/自由度为2.218（P〈0.001）、拟合优度指数为0.958,近似误差均方根性为0.052,调和拟合优度指数为0.962,正规拟合指数为0.924,比较拟合优度指数为0.936,以上指标均〉0.90,具有较好的适配。结论中文版SSPAS量表在中国16-18岁青少女中具有很好的信度与效度,可作为评价中国青少女性自我保护意识情况的量化工具。

Objective To develop a self-protection awareness scale of adolescent female scale（SSPAS） that based upon Chinese cultural framework and test the reliability and validity of the scale.Methods Taking the 16-18 year-old Chinese adolescents as the target population of this study,the SSPAS initial scale was compiled through literature analysis and semi-structured interview.The SSPAS pre-test scale was formed by expert consultation.283 adolescents aged from 16 to 18 years old in a medical college in Quanzhou,Fujian Province were selected as the pre-experimental scale.The pre-test scale was analyzed by item analysis,and the formal scale was induced by exploratory factor analysis.The scale adopted a 5 point likert type scale that a higher score indicates a higher self-protective awareness.The reliability and validity of the formal scale were evaluated by reliability analysis,correlation analysis and confirmatory factor analysis.Results The SSPAS pre-test scale was based on 321 Chinese teenage students aged 16-18 years.The valid questionnaires were 88.2%.The Chinese version of SSPAS was based on 560 Chinese teenage students aged 16-18 years.The effective questionnaires were 91.2%.Using exploratory factor analysis,the SSPAS consisted of 22 items,including sexual health attitudes,sexual self-concept,sexual risk behavior and other three common factors,the cumulative contribution rate was 72.5%;the content of the validity index was 0.902 - 0.922,and the total content validity index of the scale was 0.918.The Cronbach＇s alpha coefficient of the total scale was 0.842 and the test-retest reliability was 0.886.The confirmatory factor analysis was with a good fit（x^2/ df = 2.218,P〈0.001,GFI = 0.958,RMSEA = 0.052,AGFI = 0.962,NFI = 0.924,CFI = 0.936）.Conclusion As the reliability and validity of 16 to 18 year adolescent female self-protection awareness scale are good,the Chinese version of the SSPAS is a reliable tool to assess self-protection awareness of adolescent female.