现代学徒制试点中企业主体地位缺失的表现、原因及对策

The Manifestation, Causes and Countermeasures of the Lack of Enterprise's Dominant Status in Modern Apprenticeship Pilot

现代学徒制是以企业为本位的一种职业教育模式,企业应是现代学徒培训的主体。但我国现代学徒制试点中,企业参与时间不足、任务少、深度不够,主体地位并没有得到体现。其主要原因在于试点中还没真正突破学校本位的职业教育模式,企业由于缺乏相应的激励机制和培训经验,缺少承担主体责任的意愿和能力。要改变这一局面,需要建立企业本位的职业教育模式以作为目前学校职业教育模式的补充,并建立相应的企业激励机制和学徒支持系统。

The modern apprenticeship is a kind of vocational education mode based on the enterprises. Enterprises should be the main body of the modern apprenticeship training. But in the pilot of modern apprenticeship of China, the time the enterprise participated is insufficient, and the task the enterprise undertook is little and inefficient, which results in that the dominant status of enterprises has not been reflected. The main reason caused is that in the pilot, the school-based vocational education mode has not been broke through, and the enterprises are lack of desire and ability to undertake the responsibility of main body due to the lack of related incentive mechanism and training experience. In order to change this situation, it is needed to establish the enterprise-based vocational education mode as the supplement of the current school-based vocational education mode, and to establish the incentive mechanism for enterprises and the apprentice supporting system.