徐州狮子山楚王陵出土青铜器的科学分析

The Scientific Analysis of Bronze Artifacts from Chu Prince Mausoleum on Mt.Shizi in Xuzhou

本文利用金相显微镜和扫描电镜能谱仪对徐州狮子山楚王陵出土的23件青铜器进行了分析,其中21件材质为铅锡青铜,2件材质为锡青铜,均铸造成型。出土器物在合金成分上呈现出铅含量较低,铜锡含量较高的趋势。江苏徐州狮子山楚王陵是西汉初期楚王墓葬,为全面研究汉代王陵提供了参考资料,对比其他汉王陵的相关器物可以发现:铜钱锡含量高而铅含量差异大,与北洞山楚王墓铜钱含量特点相似;镞的形制与汉王陵出土的镞的主要形制相吻合,实用器成分差异不大,体现了汉代成熟的制作技术;狮子山楚王陵出土铜器符合西汉时期冶铸技术水平。

Samples of 23 bronze artifacts from Chu Prince mausoleum on Mt. Shizi in Xuzhou were examined by Metallurgical Microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscope （SEM）-Energy Dispersive Analysis （EDS） in this paper. Results revealed that all the artifacts were cast in mold, 21 were made of lead-tin bronze, 2 were tin bronze. These artifacts present small quantity of lead and higher tin in trends. The Mausoleum of Chu Prince in Mt. Shizi is regarded as a mausoleum of the early Western Han Dynasty, the analysis of which could provide references for fur- ther understanding of imperial mausoleum of the Han Dynasty. A comparative examination with relative artifacts from other mausoleums indicates that： Copper coins with high quantity of tin and different levels of lead are similar to coins＇ features of the Chu Prince mausoleum on Mt. Beidong in Xuzhou. The shape of the arrowheads and component of functional artifacts were basically the same as imperial mausoleum of the Han Dynasty which reflects the sophisticated manufacture technology of the Han Dynasty. And the copper artifacts unearthed from the Chu Prince mausoleum on Mt. Shizi meet the standards of molding techniques in the Western Han period.