先秦“类”的基本内涵及其思维演进

Basic Connotation and Thought Evolution of“Class”in the Pre-Qin Period

"类"的内涵是探究"类"与"类思维"的根基,在中国思维史与中国逻辑史上意义重大。先秦时期,"类"的内涵较为丰富,涵蕴多层意义,从"类"的本义——兽名及以之为基础发展起来的祭名、"善"义开端,到"分类"及以此为基础所迁延出的"族类"、"事类"、"物类",最后到"比类"或"推类",这不仅是先秦"类"的内涵进展的逻辑进程,实则也是先秦"类"的内涵前行的历史进路。

The connotation of ＂class＂ is the foundation to explore ＂class＂ and ＂thinking of class＂, which has great significance in the history of the Chinese thought and the Chinese logic. In the pre-Qin period, the connotation of ＂class＂ wad very rich and muhi-faceted. The connotation of ＂class＂ in the pre-Qin period evolved from the connotation of animal name, sacrifice name and kindness to the classification as well as ＂race class＂, ＂event class＂ and ＂object class＂ based on that and finally to analogy. This is not only the logical process but also the historical route of ＂class＂ connotation in the pre-Qin period.