吞咽功能训练配合非营养吮吸对早产儿经口喂养的临床疗效可行性分析

Feasibility analysis of swallowing function training combined with non nutritive sucking on the clinical efficacy of oral feeding in preterm infants

目的研究吞咽功能训练配合非营养吮吸对早产儿经口喂养的影响。方法把在2015年1月-2016年2月收治在我院的新生儿监护室（NICU）的60例早产儿随机分为对照组与研究组,研究组31例,对照组29例。对照组中的早产儿采取传统意义上的鼻胃管喂养方式与NICU常规护理措施。观察组中患儿在此基础上增加吞咽功能训练配合非营养吮吸的措施。结果与对照组相比,研究组早产儿开始禁食时间、鼻胃管营养时间、过渡时间以及住院的时间均有明显的缩短,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。观察组早产儿喂养良好者共27例,占总数87.09%,喂养不良者4例,占12.90%;对照组中18例早产儿喂养情况良好,占总数的62.06%,其中有11例早产儿出现喂养不良的情况,占总数的37.93%;差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论吞咽功能训练配合非营养吮吸能可以有效的加强早产儿建立吞咽吮吸反射,缩短达到经口喂养时间、改善经口喂养表现。

Objective To research the effect of swallowing function training combined with non nutritive sucking on the oral feeding of preterm infants. Methods 60 premature with neonatal intensive care unit（NICU） cued in our hospital from January 2015 to February 2016 were selected and randomly divided into control group（29 cases） and experimental group（31 cases）. Pemature infants in control group were treated with traditional the nasogastric tube feeding and NICU routine nursing measures. Pemature infants in observation group increased swallowing function training with non nutritional sucking measures on the basis of control group. Results Compared with the experimental group,The preterm infants begin fasting time, nasal tube nutrition time completely by mouth feeding, gestational age transition time, and hospital time of experimental group were significant shorten, and the differences between the two groups were significant（P〈0.05）. There were a total of 28 cases with premature infants fed accounting for 91.2%, 3 cases with poor feeding accounted for 8.8% in experimental group. There were a total of 18 cases with premature infants fed accounting for 62.06%, 11 cases with poor feeding accounted for 37.93% in control group, and the difference was significant（P〈0.05）.Conclusion Swallowing function training combined with non nutritive sucking can effectively improve the swallowing reflex in preterm infants, and shorten the feeding time and improve the feeding performance.