浅析《威尼斯商人》中的反犹主义

A Brief Analysis of Anti-Semitism in The Merchant of Venice

作为莎士比亚为数不多的着重刻画少数族裔人群的作品之一,《威尼斯商人》集中体现了以莎士比亚为代表的文艺复兴时期西欧人文主义者对待犹太人复杂而矛盾的态度:一方面,根植于欧洲社会的反犹排犹思想促使他们将犹太人的形象贬低成贪婪的利己主义者;另一方面,由于深受文艺复兴时期人文主义的影响,他们又主张自由平等、维护人的尊严,表现出了对处在水深火热之中的犹太人的同情和关怀。莎士比亚在《威尼斯商人》中对夏洛克的刻画、描写,就充分体现了反犹主义倾向。

As one of the few Shakespearean works that focused on the minorities,The Merchant of Venice presented a complex and contradictory attitude of the West- European humanists during the Renaissance period towards the Jews. On one hand,the anti-Semitic thoughts deeply rooted in the European grounds prompted them to regard the Jews as the greedy egoists;on the other hand,influenced by humanism,these people advocated human dignity,freedom as well as equality,and showed great sympathy and care to the Jewish people. This study,based on the description of Shylock in the Merchant of Venice,analyzed the anti-Semitism revealed in the work.