汉代诏书中的地方吏治思想

The Administrative Thought of Local Officials in the Imperial Edicts of the Han Dynasty

为了加强对地方官吏的管理和控制,汉代统治者除了用法律、制度来约束地方官吏,还时常颁布诏书,对地方官进行督责。这些诏书也鲜明地反映出汉代统治者的吏治思想:提倡廉洁清正、要求执法宽平、赏罚严明、重视掾吏。这些吏治思想既有对以往吏治思想的继承,也有基于对秦政的反思而做出的改进,还有汉代特殊的政治、社会背景下的吏治创新。统治者的这些吏治思想对汉代吏治产生了重要影响。

In order to strengthen the management and control of local officials,the rulers of the Han Dynasty often issued edicts to supervise the accountability of local officials in addition to the use of legal and institutional constraints of local officials. The ruler＇s political thoughts reflected from the Han Dynasty imperial edicts：advocating incorruption,demanding justice in law enforcement,imposing strict and impartial rewards and punishments,and appreciating accessory officialdom. These ideas of official management not only inherited those of past dynasties,but also made some improvements based on reflection of the Qin dynasty,as well as innovations in administration of officials against the particular political and social situations of the Han Dynasty. Such ideas of the rulers had an important impact on the official system of the Han Dynasty.