云南彝族“四大腔”的共性内核与个性外缘

The Common Core and Individual Characteristics of the “Four Arias” of the Yi People of Yunnan

云南彝族"四大腔"是流行在滇南以声乐套曲为载体存活的民歌歌种,是海菜腔、山药腔、五三腔和四腔的总称。这些歌种历史悠久,是明初江西"弋阳腔"与滇南剧种或曲调结合衍变而成的,至今仍旧存活,保留了滇南彝族的优秀文化。通过对彝族"四大腔"的文化源流、音乐构成规律的逐一分析,站在整体性研究的角度来揭示"四大腔"共性内核与个性外缘的成因,以阐释其本质特征及艺术价值。

The so - called ＂four arias＂ is the general name for four folk songs popular in south Yunnan in the form of vocal cycles that date back to early Ming Dynasty （ 1368 - 1644） when an opera of Jiangxi Province came and integrated with a local Yunnan opera. Its existing variant still retains the Yi tradition of south Yunnan Province. This paper first analyzes the culture evolution and musical components of the ＂four arias,＂ then proceeds to demonstrate their core characteristics and artistic value by studying their common core and individual characteristics in a comprehensive manner.