陕西省某高职大学生早餐的食用现状及应对策略

Present situation and countermeasure of having breakfast among students in a higher vocational college of Shaanxi Province

目的了解陕西省某高职在校大学生的早餐摄入状况、营养质量及对早餐的认知态度,为进一步加强大学生营养健康教育和科学干预提供依据。方法采取整群抽样的方法随机抽取渭南职业技术学院在校生500名,用自填问卷的形式对其过去1周的早餐状况进行调查。结果共收回有效问卷482份。调查对象中有52.5%的学生每天食用早餐,其中男生占到40.2%,女生占到60.1%。早餐选择谷物的学生占到71.6%,奶豆类的占51.2%,蛋类的占50.2%。50.0%的学生依据食物口味来选择早餐,11.4%的学生依据营养价值来选择。70.7%的学生早餐消费低于4元。认为早餐很重要的学生占60.8%,其中医学生占68.0%,师范类占54.7%,机电专业占41.7%。结论该校大学生早餐就餐率不高,早餐质量较差。早餐的就餐频率及其早餐质量与大学生自身对早餐营养的态度和认知有密切关系。

[Objective]To understand the breakfast intake status,nutritional quality and cognitive attitude towards breakfast among students in a higher vocational college of Shaanxi Province,provide a basis for further strengthening the nutrition health education and scientific intervention in college students.[Methods]500 students were randomly collected from Weinan Vocational and Technical College by the cluster sampling method,and their breakfast status in the past week was investigated by the selfadministered questionnaire.[Results]There were totally 482 effective questionnaires. 52.5% of the respondents had breakfast every day,which the boys and girls accounted for 40.2% and 60.1% respectively. The proportion of students chose cereals,milk and beans,and eggs for breakfast was 71.6%,51.2% and 50.2%,respectively. 50.1% of students chose breakfast according to the food taste,while 11.4% chose breakfast according to the nutritional value. 70.9% of the students spent less than 4 Yuan for breakfast.60.8% of the students thought that it is very important to have breakfast,and the proportion in medicine students,normal class students,and electrical and mechanical professional students was 68.0%,54.7% and 41.7%,respectively.[Conclusion]The rate of eating breakfast is not high in this college,and the quality of breakfast is poor. The rate of having breakfast and breakfast quality are closely related to the attitude and awareness of breakfast nutrition in college students.