2009—2014年上海市黄浦区手足口病疫情分析

Analysis on epidemic situation of hand,foot and mouth disease in Huangpu District of Shanghai from 2009-2014

目的分析上海市黄浦区手足口病流行病学特征,为有效控制手足口病暴发流行提供相关依据。方法应用描述流行病学方法对上海市黄浦区2009—2014年手足口病监测资料进行分析。结果上海市黄浦区2009—2014年手足口病报告发病2 757例,年平均发病率为49.52/10万,呈上升趋势。2009—2014年每月均有手足口病发生,呈现春末夏初和秋季双峰形态。手足口病发病人群以6岁以下儿童为主,占90.93%。男性发病率为63.02/10万,女性发病率为39.15/10万,男女之比为1.61∶1;不同性别之间发病率差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。职业分布中以幼托儿童（1 339例）和散居儿童（1 168例）发病居多,分别占48.57%和42.36%;不同职业发病率差异有统计学意义（χ~2=15.99,P〈0.01）。结论手足口病是该区重点防控的传染病,应加强疫情的监测和控制,防止其暴发流行。

[Objective] To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hand,foot and mouth disease（HFMD） in Huangpu District of Shanghai,provide evidence for effectively controlling the outbreak of HFMD. [Methods]Descriptive epidemiology was used to analyze the monitoring data of HFMD in Huangpu District of Shanghai from 2009-2014. [Results]Totally 2 757 cases of HFMD were reported in Huangpu District of Shanghai from 2009-2014,,and the average annual incidence rate was 49.52/lakh,with an upward trend. The cases were reported every month during 2009-2014,and there was bimodal distribution of late spring and early summer,and autumn. Most of patients were children under 6 years old,accounting for 90.93%. The incidence rate of males and females was 63.02/lakh and 39.15/lakh respectively,with the ratio of male-to-female of 1.61∶1,and the difference was statistically significant between male and female（P0.01）. Occupational distribution showed that preschool children（1 339 cases）and scattered children（1 168 cases）,accounted for 48.57% and 42.36% respectively. The difference in the incidence rate was statistically significant among different occupations（χ~2=15.99,P0.01）.[Conclusion]HFMD is the key disease in prevention and control work in the Huangpu District. It is necessary to strengthen the epidemic monitoring and control to prevent the outbreak.