普外科腹部手术切口脂肪液化原因分析及防治探讨

Analysis on the reasons of fat liquefaction in the department of general surgery of abdominal operation and discussion on prevention and cure

目的对普外科腹部手术切15发生脂肪液化的原因进行分析，针对具体原因提出相应处理措施。方法2014年1月。2015年12月在我院行腹部手术治疗的患者共计278例，其中79例患者在术后4～7d出现手术切口脂肪液化，回顾性分析确诊为手术切口脂肪液化的79例患者基本临床资料，探讨患者的临床情况和对于普外科腹部手术切口发生脂肪液化的关系，统计所得数据。结果体型肥胖者、营养情况不佳者、术中使用电刀者、糖尿病者切口暴露时间长者切口脂肪液化发生率明显高于非肥胖者、非营养不良者、未使用电刀者、非糖尿病者及切15暴露时间较短者，二者差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论手术切15发生脂肪液化的重要危险因素包括体型肥胖、营养不良、糖尿病、电刀使用情况、切口暴露时间；术前做足切口脂肪液化预防，术后及时找出导致切口脂肪液化发生的主要原因积极采取对症措施处理，有效改善脂肪液化症状，促进切口尽早愈合。

Objective To analyze the reasons of fat liquefaction in the department of general surgery of abdominal operation, and to provide the corresponding treatment measures for the specific reasons. Methods 278 cases of patients were given abdominal surgery in our hospital from January 2014 to December 2015. Among them, 79 cases of patients appeared fat liquefaction of incision in postoperative 4 to 7d. Basic clinical data of the 79 patients with fat liquefaction of incision were retrospectively analyzed. The relationship between clinical situation of patients and fat liquefaction of abdominal incision in Department of general surgery was explored. The data was statistical. Results Incidence rates of fat liquefaction in incision of obese persons, poor nutritional status, the use of electric knife in the operation, diabetes mellitus incision exposure time of the elderly were significantly higher than those of non-obese persons, non-malnourished persons, person who did not use the electric knife, non-diabetics and patients with short exposure time. The difference between the two was significant, with statistical significance （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion The important risk factors for the occurrence of fat liquefaction in the surgical incision were body fat, malnutrition, diabetes mellitus, use of electric knife, incision exposure time. It is necessary to find out the main reason for the occurrence of fat liquefaction of incision after operation, and to take positive measures to deal with. It can effectively improve the symptoms of fat liquefaction, promote wound healin~ as early as t）ossible.