TGF-β1、Smad4、Smad7在口腔鳞癌组织中的表达及临床意义

Expressions of TGF-β1, Smad4, and Smad7 in tissue of oral squamous cell carcinoma and the clinical significance

目的分析转化生长因子（TGF-β1）、Smad4、Smad7在口腔鳞癌（OSCC）组织中的表达情况及其与OSCC临床特征的关系，进一步探讨TGF-β1／Smad4或Smad7信号途径在OSCC形成和发展中的作用，为OSCC的诊断及治疗提供理论依据。方法收集2013年3月至2016年2月在本院住院治疗的62例OSCC患者，采集OSCC标本及癌旁正常黏膜组织标本，采用免疫组化法测定TGF-β1、Smad4、Smad7在标本中的表达，分析他们与OSCC临床特征的关系。结果OSCC组织中TGF-β1、Smad7阳性表达率明显高于癌旁正常黏膜组织，Smad4阳性表达率明显低于癌旁正常黏膜组织（均P〈0．05）。TGF-β1、Smad7阳性表达率随OSCC病理分级增加而升高，随OSCC分化程度降低而升高，有淋巴结转移者TGF-β1、Smad7阳性表达率明显高于无淋巴结转移者（P〈0．05）；Smad4阳性表达率随OSCC病理分级增加而降低，随OSCC分化程度降低而降低，有淋巴结转移者明显低于无淋巴结转移者（P〈0．05）。经Spearman相关分析显示，在OSCC组织中，TGF-β1表达与Smad4表达呈负相关（P〈0．05），与Smad7表达呈正相关（P〈0．05）。结论OSCC组织中存在TGF-β1、Smad7过表达及Smad4低表达，因此，三者联合检测更利于OSCC的诊断和治疗。

Objective To analyze the expressions ofTGF-β1, Smad4, and Smad7 in the tissure of oral squamous cell carcinoma （ OSCC ） and its relationship with the clinical features of OSCC, to further explore the roles of TGF-β1/Smad4 or Smad7 signaling pathways in the formation and development of OSCC, and to provide a theoretical basis for the diagnosis and treatment of OSCC. Methods 62 patients with OSCC treated at our hospital from March, 2013 to February, 2016 were collected. The specimens of OSCC and adjacent normal mucosa tissue were collected. The expressions of TGF-β1, Smad4, and Smad7 in the specimens were determined by immunohistochemical method. The relationship between them and the clinical features of OSCC was analyzed. Results The positive expression rates of TGF-β1 and Smad7 were significantly higher and the positive expression rate of Smad4 was significantly lower in OSCC tissue than in adjacent normal mucosa tissue （ P 〈 0.05 ） . The positive expression rates of TGF-β1 and Smad7 in OSCC increased with the pathological grade of OSCC and with the decrease of OSCC differentiation. The positive expression rates of TGF-β1 and Smad7 were significantly higher in the patients with lymph node metastasis than in the those without （ P〈0.05 ） . The positive expression rate of Smad4 decreased with the increase of OSCC pathological grade and with the degree of the differentiation of OSCC; and that of the patients with lymph node metastasis was significantly lower than that that of those without （ P 〈 0.05 ） . Spearman correlation analysis showed that the expression of TGF-β1 in OSCC negatively correlated with the expression of Smad4 （ P 〈 0.05 ） and positively with the expression of Smad7 （ P 〈 0.05 ） . Conclusions TGF-β1 and Smad7 highly expressed and Smad4 low in OSCC tissues. Therefore, the combined detection of them may be helpful for the diagnosis and treatment of OSCC.