水肥耦合对河西绿洲板蓝根生理特性及产量影响

Effect of Yield and Physiological Characteristics on Isatis tinctoria L. under Treatment of Water and Fertilizer Coupling in Hexi Oasis

为获得河西绿洲板蓝根生产的适宜水肥用量,以板蓝根品种‘安徽亳州种’为材料,采用裂区试验设计,研究不同水肥耦合处理(A1B1、A1B2、A1B3、A2B1、A2B2、A2B3、A3B1、A3B2和A3B3)对板蓝根生理特性及产量影响。结果表明:采用田间持水量为75%~90%、肥料水平为N 225kg/hm^2+P_2O_5525kg/hm^2+K 150kg/hm^2时的水肥组合处理(A2B1),其板蓝根的株高、最大叶长、最大叶宽、主根根长、根直径、叶片数等形态指标都显著高于其他处理;同时板蓝根在营养生长的前期、中期、后期,植株的净光合速率(P_n)、气孔导度(G_s)、胞间CO_2浓度(C_i)及蒸腾速率(T_r)也最大,植株保持较强的生理代谢活动,A2B1处理的板蓝根产量最高(209.05kg/667m^2),不同水肥耦合处理对板蓝根单位面积产量影响大小顺序为A2B1>A2B2>A2B3>A1B1>A1B2>A1B3>A3B1>A3B2>A3B3。

In order to obtain the suitable dosage of sewage sludge from isatidis production in Hexi Oasis. We took isatidis cultivars planted at Bozhou in Anhui as materials, and split plot experiment was designed to study the effect of different the treatments of water and fertilizer coupling （A1B1, A1B2 and A1B3, A2B1 A2B2, A2B3, A3B1, A3B2 and A3B3）on yield and physiological characteristics of Isatis tinctoria in Hexi Oasis. The results showed that Isatis tinctoria L. morphological indexes of the plant height, maximum leaf length, leaf width, main spikes length, root diameter, leaf number were significantly higher than that of other treatments and plant of net photosynthetic rate （Pn）, stomatal conductance （Gs）, intercellular CO2 concentration （Ci） and transpiration rate （Tr） of isatidis at early, middle and late vegetative growth stages were the biggest under the treatment（A2B1） of 75%- 90% of field capacity and fertilizer level of N 225 kg/hm2 ＋P2O5 525 kg/hm^2 ＋ K 150 kg/hm^2. The plants kept the strong physiological metabolic activity. Isatis tinctoria L. yield of 209.05 kg/667 m^2 was the highest with treatment （A2B1）. Isatis tinctoria L. yield order was A2B1 〉 A2B2 〉 A2B3 〉 A1B1〉 A1B2 〉 A1B3 〉 A3B1 〉 A3B2 〉 A3B3 under the different treatments of water and fertilizer coupling.