神木县不同谷子品种主要农艺性状及产量分析

Analysis of Main Agronomic Characters and Yield of Different Millet Varieties in Shenmu County

为了明确谷子主要农艺性状及产量构成因素的相关关系和变异程度,并为筛选神木县中南部旱作农业生产区适宜栽种的谷子品种提供理论依据。选用10个榆林市地区常规栽培的谷子品种为试验材料,采用方差分析、相关性分析以及主成分分析等方法对其生育期、株高、节数、穗型等农艺性状及穗粒质量、千粒质量等产量构成因素进行分析。结果表明:不同性状间变异系数的变幅为3.25%~76.16%。产量与穗粗、穗长、单穗质量、千粒质量间存在显著正相关,而与白发病间存在显著负相关。主成分分析结果表明,3个主成分对变异的累计贡献率达78.077%。此外,比较不同谷子品种在产量及生长状况的综合表现可知,‘黄软谷’的生育期154d、穗长23.90cm、穗粗26.55mm、单穗质量39.02g、穗粒质量17.31g、千粒质量3.29g、产量4 168.50kg/hm^2,谷子白发病发病率仅3.32%,建议在神木县地区大面积推广。

To clarify main agronomic characters of millet and correlation and variation of yield component factors, so as to provide theoretical basis for screening appropriate millet varieties for dry-land farming region in central and southern of Shenmu county, we took 10 common millet varieties in Yulin area as materials, the agronomic characters and the yield components factors were analyzed by variance, correlation and principal components. The results showed that：the range ability of variation coefficient among different characters was between 3. 25%-76. 16%; there was a significant positive correlation between yield and ear width, ear length, mass per ear, thousand kernel mass（P〈0. 05）, but there was a significant negative correlation between yield and poliosis;based on the results of principal components analysis, cumulative contribution of three principal components to variation was up to 78. 077% ;based on the comparing of overall performance in yield and growth status of different millet variations, the soft yellow valley had the best performance,which its growth period was 154 d, spike length 23.90 cm, spike width 26.55 mm, mass per spike 39.02 g,grain mass per spike 17.31 g, thousand grain mass 3.29 g, yield 4 168.50 kg/hm^2. So we suggest to popularize it in large area in Shenmu county.