同、异步闭闸调控下污染物的输移扩散特征

Pollutant transport rules under synchronous control and asynchronous control

以南水北调中线干渠典型明渠段为例,开展了同、异步闭闸调控下明渠输水工程污染物输移扩散特征研究。通过物模实验验证HEC-RAS软件的可行性及可靠性,并用该软件模拟分析了同、异步闭闸调控下污染物输移扩散规律;探讨这两种不同闭闸方式下污染物输移扩散特征参数之间的关系,得到不同闭闸调控方式下污染物输移扩散关系式。研究结果表明:异步闭闸调控方式下污染物特征参数达到稳定的时间比同步闭闸调控方式下达到稳定的时间推迟(下游节制闸延迟关闭时间);并且异步闭闸调控下的峰值输移距离和纵向长度与同步闭闸调控下的差值随流速和Δτ的增加而增加,但是异步调控下的峰值浓度比同步闭闸调控方式下的值要小。在此基础上,提出了不同调控目标下的应急调控方案,为突发水污染应急处置提供有力的信息支持。

Taking the typical main canal of the middle route of the South-to-North Water Transfer project as an example,this research focused on the pollutant transport rules of the open-channel water-diversion system in synchronous control and asynchronous control. The HEC-RAS was verified by experiments and the numerical simulation was employed to simulate the process of pollutant transport,and to analyze the rules in the different conditions of the gate falling regulation. The results indicated that the stability time of the character parameters in asynchronous control was later Δτ,which is the delay time of the downstream,than was the stability time in synchronous control. The difference in the peak transport distance and the pollutant longitudinal length would increase with velocity and Δτ; but the peak concentration in asynchronous control was smaller than was that value in synchronous control. On this basis,we proposed emergency regulation rules,which could provide decision support for managers establishing emergency control measures,relevant to the different control aims.