早期鲜卑人和动物骨骼的稳定同位素分析

Stable Isotope Analysis on the Animal and Human Bones of the Early Xianbei

本文对呼伦贝尔地区扎赉诺尔、团结和东乌珠尔早期鲜卑墓地出土的人和动物骨骼进行了稳定同位素分析,以期揭示早期鲜卑的食物结构和生计方式。C、N稳定同位素分析结果表明,早期鲜卑人的食物来源兼具C_3类和C_4类,其中C_4类食物很可能来自其从事的少量粟作农业。人具有较高的δ^(15)N值,且与动物的δ^(15)N值差异较大,表明人的营养级较高,肉食资源在食物结构中占据较大比重,这可能来自于早期鲜卑人所从事的游牧及狩猎经济的贡献。C、N、S稳定同位素分析结果表明,动物和人的食物来源来自于当地的陆生系统,而个体马(DW M3(1))具有较高的δ^(13)C和δ^(15)N值以及明显不同于其他样品的异常高的δ^(34)S值,说明此个体可能属于来自于其他地质环境的"外来者"。

To reveal the paleodiet and subsistence strategies of the Early Xianbei, this paper carried a stable isotope analysis on the human and animal bone from the Zhalainuoer, Tuanjie and Dongwuzhuer sites. The results show that human have a mixed diet of C3 and C4. We infer that these C4 foods probably were provided by the minor millet agriculture in Hulunbeier grassland. High δ15N values of the humans show that the Early Xianbei people have a heavy reliance on the animal proteins, indicating that human probably mainly relied on the pastoralism and hunting. Stable isotope C, N and S analysis of human and animal bones show that their diet mainly comefrom local terrestrial system except for one horse individual （DW M3 ①）, which likely come from other areas and indicate of a outlier.