肾组织干细胞治疗急性肾衰竭的可行性

Feasibility of renal tissue stem cell therapy for acute renal failure

背景:研究表明,肾组织干细胞主要存在于肾乳头部位,其具有类似于间充质干细胞的特性,目前尚不能肯定其是否参与了肾小管上皮细胞损伤的修复。目的:探讨肾组织干细胞治疗急性肾衰竭的效果及可行性。方法:纳入40只SD大鼠,10只用于肾组织干细胞培养,其余30只随机分为3组,实验组和对照组制备急性肾衰竭动物模型,正常组不做任何处理。模型制备后6 h,实验组尾静脉注入肾组织干细胞,对照组注入相同剂量的生理盐水,正常组不做任何处理。移植后10 d检测肾功能,获取肾组织标本进行组织学观察。结果与结论:(1)对照组的尿素氮、肌酐水平均显著高于正常组和实验组(P<0.05);实验组与正常组之间差异无显著性意义(P>0.05);(2)正常组皮质和外髓质小管未出现异常改变,无炎性浸润;对照组外髓质小管萎缩,炎症细胞浸润,上皮细胞肿胀;实验组有轻微炎症细胞浸润和细胞肿胀等病变,但较对照组明显较轻;(3)结果表明,肾组织干细胞移植能有效改善急性肾衰竭大鼠的肾功能,促进上皮细胞再生,达到良好的组织修复效果。

BACKGROUND： Studies have shown that renal tissue stem cells mainly exist in the renal papillae, holding similar characteristics to mesenchymal stem cells, yet it is unknown whether they are involved in the renal repair of tubular epithelial injury. OBJECTIVE： To explore the effect and feasibility of renal tissue stem cells in the repair of acute renal failure. METHODS： Renal tissue stem cells were isolated and culture from the renal tissue of 10 Sprague-Dawley rats.Another 30 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into experimental group, model group or normal control group. An animal model of acute renal failure was made in the experimental and model groups. Six hours after modeling, experimental rats were respectively given tail vein injection of renal tissue stem cells in the experimental group, given the same volume of normal saline in the model group, and given no treatment in the normal control group. Ten days after transplantation, the renal function was detected, and renal tissue samples were taken and observed histologically. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： After transplantation, levels of urea nitrogen and creatinine were improved significantly in the experimental group （P 〈 0.05）, which were similar to those in the normal control group （P 〉 0.05）. No abnormal changes and no inflammatory infiltration in the cortex and outer medullary tubules were found in the normal control group while in the experimental group, inflammatory cell infiltration and epithelial cell swelling were visible but milder than the model group. To conclude, our experimental findings show that the renal tissue stem cells get ideal effects on the renal function of acute renal failure rats by promoting epithelial cell regeneration.