中空纤维透析膜制备、传递特性及生物相容性

Preparation, transfer property and biocompatibility of the hollow fiber dialysis membrane

背景:聚砜膜具备良好的抗生物抗降解性能,但临床上对于以聚砜作为材料制备中空纤维透析膜的制备方法及血液相容性缺乏统一的标准。目的:观察中空纤维透析膜的制备方法、传递特性及材料生物相容性。方法:以聚砜作为膜材料,将一缩二乙二醇作为致孔剂,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮作为改性剂,N,N-二甲基乙酰胺作为溶剂,利用非溶剂致相分离法制备中空纤维透析膜。采用扫描电镜、超景深三维显微镜成像及孔隙率测试等测定透析膜的性能;利用超滤装置完成传递参数截留率和水通量参数测定;通过溶血实验、动态凝血时间实验及血小板黏附实验测定中空纤维透析膜的血液相容性,以Ⅱ型医用聚氨酯材料作为阴性对照。结果和结论:1中空纤维透析膜形态:制备的中空纤维透析膜断面不对称,质量分数17%透析膜中间层呈大孔状结构,而质量分数19%,21%及23%的透析膜制备的中空纤维透析膜呈海绵状结构;2中空纤维透析膜孔隙率:中空纤维透析膜和Ⅱ型医用聚氨酯材料在膜面积相同的情况下,中空纤维透析膜密度显著低于,孔隙率显著大于阴性对照材料(P<0.05);3中空纤维透析膜传递性能:中空纤维透析膜水体积及水通量,显著高于阴性对照材料(P<0.05);4中空纤维透析膜血液相容性:两种材料共进行3次溶血实验结果显示:中空纤维透析膜平均吸光度值和溶血率显著高于阴性对照材料(P<0.05);动态凝血时间实验及血小板黏附实验结果显示,中空纤维透析膜20,40,70 min动态凝血时间显著短于阴性对照材料(P<0.05)。结果提示:将聚砜作为膜材料,利用非溶剂致相分离法能程控制备生物相容性较好的中空纤维透析膜,材料具有良好的血液相容性及传递效率。

BACKGROUND： Polysulfone membrane holds good anti-biodegradation ability, but how to use it to prepare hollow fiber dialysis membrane and its blood compatibility have not been fully understood.OBJECTIVE： To study the preparation, transfer property and biocompatibility of hollow fiber dialysis membrane. METHODS： With polysulfone as the film material, diethylene glycol as the porogen, polyvinyl pyrrolidone as the modifier, N, N-dimethylacetamide as the solvent, and the hollow fiber dialysis membrane was prepared using nonsolvent-induced phase separation. The performance was measured using scanning electron microscopy, ultra-depth three-dimensional microscope imaging and porosity test; the transfer parameters including reject rate and water flux were detected by ultrafiltration device; the blood compatibility was determined through hemolysis test, dynamic clotting time test and platelet adhesion test. Type II medical polyurethane material served as negative control. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： The section of hollow fiber dialysis membrane was asymmetric. 17% dialysis membrane showed a porous middle layer, while 19%, 21% and 23% membrane showed a sponge-like middle layer. Under the same membrane area, the density of fiber dialysis membrane was significantly lower than that of the negative control material, and the porosity of fiber dialysis membrane was significantly higher than that of the negative control material（P〈0.05）. The water volume and water flux of the hollow fiber dialysis membrane were significantly higher than those of the negative control material（P〈0.05）. Results from three hemolytic tests showed that the average absorbance values and hemolysis rate of the hollow fiber dialysis membrane were significantly higher than those of the negative control material（P〈0.05）. The dynamic clotting time test and the platelet adhesion test revealed that the dynamic clotting time of hollow fiber dialysis membrane at 20, 40 and 70 minutes was significantly shorter than that of the negative control material（P〈0.05）. These results suggest that polysiloxane can be used as the membrane material to prepare hollow fiber dialysis membrane using nonsolvent-induced phase separation, and holds a good biocompatibility, blood compatibility and transfer efficiency.