不同剂量中子辐射胡麻种子的M_1和M_2代生物学效应研究

Study on M_1 and M_2 generation effect of different dosages of neutron radiation on flax seed

利用^(252)Cf源发射的中子对胡麻(Linum usitatissimum L.)干种子进行辐射,研究了在不同中子吸收剂量情况下,胡麻M_1和M_2代生长期性状产生的辐射生物效应。结果表明,辐射生物效应与中子剂量之间存在着关联,较低剂量(2.55 Gy和4.33 Gy)的中子辐射对M_1代胡麻苗期株高的生长有显著的促进作用;低剂量(0.24-4.33 Gy)的中子辐射具有促使M_1和M_2代胡麻侧芽发生的效应,且存在最佳促进剂量。胡麻M_1和M_2代所产生的辐射生物效应之间存在着差异,较低剂量(1.12-4.33 Gy)的中子辐射可以促进M_1代胡麻出苗而抑制M_2代胡麻出苗,M_1、M_2代胡麻的株高和分枝的发育均出现了相似的促进效应,但M_2代比M_1代有所减弱。

Background： The doses and biological effects of irradiated plants have been studied and reported widely. In the research, gamma-ray source and X-ray source was more often used than the neutron source. Although there were few studies on the plant of neutron radiation, but the research had increased in the past few years. Because neutron source is promising in such irradiation studies, it has many advantages such as strong biological effect, high mutation rate, wide variation spectrum and stable mutant. Purpose： This paper aims to explore neutron radiation biological effects of flax seed. The biological effects of different doses of neutron radiation are investigated. Methods： The dry seeds of Linum usitatissimum L. were irradiated by 25acf fission neutrons. According to different neutron absorption doses, the biological effects of M1 and ME generation on the morphological characters were studied during the growth period. Results： The results showed that, there were some correlations between the radiation biological effect and the neutron dose： the neutron radiation （0.24-4.33 Gy） had promotion on lateral bud growth of M1 and ME generations of flax, and had the best promotion dose, moreover, the lower neutron dose （2.55 Gy and 4.33 Gy） had significant promotion on the plant height of M1 generation of flax. There were some differences between M1 and M2 generations of flax on the radiation biological effects： in 0.24-4.33 Gy neutron irradiation, the seedling emergence of M1 generation of flax can be promoted, however, the seedling emergence of M2 generation of flax can be inhibited during the growth stag. The plant height and the branching growth showed a similar promotion effect on M~ and M2 generations of flax, but the biological effect of M2 generation was less than that of MI generation. Conclusion： After being irradiated by low neutron doses （0.24-4.33 Gy）, MI and M2 generations of flax show obvious biological effects. There are some certain correlations between the radiation biological effect and the neutron dose, for example the neutron absorbed dose being between 1.12 Gy and 4.33 Gy, flax appear obvious radiation biological effects during the seedling stage. The research results have positive significance for the agricultural production and breeding.