透水沥青路面对洁净水体和地表径流水质的影响

Effect of permeable asphalt pavement on quality of clean water and surface runoff

透水沥青路面(permeable asphalt parement,PAP)具有减少地表径流,改善雨天行车安全等诸多优点,得到越来越多研究人员的关注。地表径流含有大量污染物,这些污染水体流经透水沥青路面后渗入土基,最终进入地下水中,因此渗入土基的水体质量需要检测。选取16项水质评价指标,利用透水沥青路面渗透装置进行试验,得了由6.3cm多孔沥青混合料、30cm级配碎石、15cm砂垫层组成的透水沥青路面对洁净水体和地表径流污染水水质的影响,并相应地提出了路侧排水设施的设计思路。研究结果表明:自来水经透水沥青路面渗流后,初期渗流水样的各项污染指标均增大;渗流60min后,除石油类污染物,渗流水样的各项污染物含量均小于入渗水体;地表径流经透水沥青路面渗流后,其中重金属的去除效果最好,石油类、动植物油类、BOD(生物需氧量)、COD(化学需氧量)、氨氮、总磷等营养盐的去除效果次之,而氯化物、总氮等无机阴离子和营养盐的去除效果不佳;随着水样采集时间的延长,水体中污染物含量都有不同程度的降低。

Researchers are paying more attention various advantages including of reducing surface to permeable asphalt pavement （PAP） due to its runoff, as well as enhancing driving security in rainy days. Surface runoff contains a large number of pollutants. The contaminated water with large volume of pollutants can permeate into the subgrade through permeable asphalt pavement and finally pass into the underground water. Therefore, the quality of water permeating into the subgrade should be seriously detected. Infiltrate testing apparatus of PAP was used in present study to obtain the influence of PAP on clean water and surface run off, which consisted of a 6.3 cm thick PAC layer, a 30 cm-thick open-graded gravel layer and a 15 cm-thick natural sand layer. Design results show increases at idea of the that after the roadside drainage facility was put forward for PAP structure. The filtration through PAP, the pollutant concentrations of clean water the sampling time of 0 min. The pollutions concentrations, except petroleum pollutants, are less than the initial clean water when the sampling time increases to 60 min. PAP has high removal efficiency on heavy metal pollutions, such as Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd. It can effectively remove petroleum animal ＆ vegetable oil, BOD, COD, NH4-N and TP as well. However, PAP is incompetent with the removal of C1 and TN. With the increase of collection time of samples, the contents for all pollutants in water decrease with different degrees. 5 tabs, 4 figs, 19 refs.