犬瘟热病毒体外感染人源细胞的分子研究进展

How the Canine Distemper Virus Infects Human Cells at the Molecular Level in Vitro

犬瘟热病毒(Canine distemper virus,CDV)是一种主要通过呼吸道传播对犬科动物造成严重危害的烈性传染病。近年随着CDV在灵长类动物中暴发,研究者开始关注CDV是否具有潜在感染人的风险。目前虽然无直接证据证明CDV可在人体内定殖,但CDV在体外能感染人源细胞,且人体内CDV关键受体SLAM和Nectin-4与灵长类动物具有极高的同源性,因此我们必须高度重视CDV对人类的潜在威胁。本文对CDV分子结构特征、CDV感染宿主靶细胞过程、CDV入侵宿主所需关键受体以及CDV野毒株体外感染人源细胞等方面进行综述,分析CDV对人是否具有潜在感染的风险。

Infection by the canine distemper virus （CDV） results in a fulminating infectious disease that causes serious harm to dogs. With breaking of the CDV into primates, some researchers wonder if the CDV will cause a serious infection in humans. To better understand the potential of the CDV to infect humans, the molecular characteristics of the CDV, how it infects target cells in the host, the key receptors involved in infection, and infection of human cells in vitro were assessed in this review. There is no direct evidence that CDV can colonize and grow in humans. Two key receptors, SLAM and nectin-4, in humans and primates have high identity, and the CDV can infect human cells in vitro. Therefore, we must pay close attention to the potential threat of infection by the CDV in humans.