我国探索社会主义建设道路时期的学校教材编写及其特色

The Compliation of Textbooks and Their Characteristics in the 1956- 1966 Socialist Construction Period

1956—1966年间是我国逐步探索社会主义建设道路的重要时期,教育事业也进入了一个新的历史阶段。广大教育工作者在总结前一阶段教材改革经验的基础上进行大胆探索,打破旧教材的编写体例,下放编写权力,学校教材先后经历了独立自编、调整统编、稳步再编和平缓重修几个阶段,取得了学校教材建设的突破性进展,将新中国成立以来的学校教材建设推向第一个高峰。这一时期,学校教材的编写呈现出了以下特色:一是学校教材的变革紧密联系中国的社会实际;二是打破学校教材编写的旧框架,建立了新的学科系统;三是下放学校教材的编写权力。探索社会主义建设道路时期的教材编写顺应了时代的要求,虽有局限和缺失,但成绩显著,为当前的教学改革与发展提供了诸多积极的现实启示,尤其是对教材编写中所涉及的教材的政治性、知识与能力的辩证关系、书本知识与生活实际的合理结合、教材编写参与者的多方合作等问题的探讨提供了有益的借鉴。

The decade of 1956- 1966 is an important period of our country＇s socialist construction,during which education cause also enters a new historical stage. As the important factor of education activity and the course medium,school teaching materials have a special significance. To this end,the general education workers made bold exploration on the basis of the textbook reform in the previous stage,breaking the writing style of the old ones and decentralizing writing power to the lower levels. The school teaching material has experienced stages of self-writing,unified writing,rewriting and revision and finally made breakthroughs,which pushed school textbook construction since the founding of new China to the first peak.