清代前期对历史的普及与传播——兼论官方史学与私家史学的关系

The Popularization and Transmission of History in Early Qing Dynasty——On the Relationship of the Official Historiography and the Private Historiography

清代前期是中国传统学术文化发展的重要时期,对历史的普及取得了较大的成绩,不仅私家不遗余力地致力于历史的教育与普及,而且官方也积极地加入进去,并对私家撰述在思想上起到引导作用,当然也在一定程度上给予压制。近些年来,学术界在评价清代前期的历史普及时,大多给予批评,认为没有什么贡献,也没有关注到官方与私家的关系,这是有失偏颇的。因此,研究清代前期的历史普及读物,必须考虑到官方史学与私家史学之间的关系,这样才可以得出恰当、合理的认识。

Early Qing Dynasty is not only an important historical period of the development of Chinese traditional academic culture,but also the historical stage of the great achievements in the popularization of history. The private spared no efforts to work for the education and popularization of history. At the same time,the official actively joined in,playing a guidance role in the ideology of the private works,and of course,to some extent,doing repression. In recent years,when it evaluates the early Qing＇s popularization of history,the academic world pays no attention to the relationship between the official and the private and mostly gives criticism that there was no contribution at that time. It is biased. When researching the early Qing＇s popularization of history,we can get appropriate and reasonable understanding only after considering the relationship between the official and the private.