某县取消强制免疫后发生小反刍兽疫的定性风险评估

Qualitative Risk Assessment on Outbreak of PPR in a County after Canceling Compulsory Vaccination

小反刍兽疫是世界动物卫生组织(OIE)法定报告动物疫病,也是全球计划根除的动物疫病,我国拟在2016—2020年间根除该疫病。通过对危害的识别、风险框架的确定、路径风险的分层分析,对某县退出小反刍兽疫免疫开展了定性风险评估。初步确定该县取消小反刍兽疫强制免疫后,2017年再次发生小反刍兽疫的风险为中级。在风险管理上,提出了该县应继续加强小反刍兽疫免疫、强化检疫监管、加强宣传、提高养殖户生物安全管理水平、改善疫病扑杀补偿机制、激励基层兽医工作者和养殖户参与疫病防控的积极性等建议。

PPR is listed as one of the notifiable animal diseases by OIE,it is also an animal disease planned to conduct eradication at the global scale. In China,PPR is scheduled to be eradicated from the year of 2016 to 2020. In this article,an qualitative risk assessment of quitting immunization for PPR in a county was carried out by a series of efforts including hazard recognition,the identifi cation of risk framework and stratifi ed analysis of the risk pathway. By reference to the assessment,it was preliminarily confi rmed that the risk level of PPR breaking out again in 2017 would be medium when compulsory vaccination be stopped. Some positive suggestions were proposed according to risk management,including strengthening PPR vaccination in a county continuously,intensifying supervision towards inspection and quarantine,strengthening the advocacy campaign,enhancing bio-safety management level of livestock farmers,improving the compensation strategy,encouraging the grassroot-level veterinarians and enhancing the farmers＇ enthusiasm for PPR control,and so on.