朝鲜蓟根化学成分分离鉴定

Separation and Identification of Chemical Constituents from Root of Cynara scolymus

目的:对菊科菜蓟属植物朝鲜蓟根的化学成分进行分离并对分离得到的单体化合物进行结构鉴定。方法:朝鲜蓟干燥根粉碎,分别用90%乙醇,60%乙醇提取得到朝鲜根乙醇提取液,再依次用石油醚、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇萃取3次得3个不同极性的萃取物,萃取物干燥得到3个浸膏。乙酸乙酯部位萃取物浸膏采用反复硅胶柱色谱法,D-101型大孔吸附树脂,ODS反相柱色谱,羟丙基葡聚糖凝胶柱色谱,高效液相分析,高效制备液相以及不断重结晶等方法分离纯化得到纯度较高的单体化合物,结合理化常数和波谱数据分析对各单体化合物的化学结构进行进一步鉴定。结果:从朝鲜蓟干燥根中共分离鉴定出11个化合物分别为咖啡酸乙酯(1),5-甲氧基糠醛(2),香草酸(3),原儿茶醛(4),5-O-咖啡酰基-奎宁酸甲酯(5),芹菜素(6),木犀草素(7),木犀草素-7-O-β-D葡萄糖苷(8),洋蓟酸(9),洋蓟酸甲酯(10),β-谷甾醇(11)。结论:其中化合物2,3,4首次从该属中分离得到,化合物1,5,10首次从朝鲜蓟中分离得到。

Objective： To separate the chemical compositions of root of Cynara scolymus and identify the structures of the monomer compounds. Method： 90% and 60% ethanol extracts were respectively used to extract root of C. scolymus and obtained the ethanol extraction of this plant,then they were extracted for 3 times with petroleum ether,ethyl acetate,and n-butanol to get three different polarity extractions. The extractions were dried to get three liquidum extractum. The ethyl acetate liquidum extractum were isolated and purified with repeated silica gel column chromatography, D-101 macroporous adsorption resin, ODS reversed phase column chromatography,hydroxypropyl sephadex column chromatography,high performance liquid chromatography,highperformance preparative liquid chromatography,and continuous recrystallization. The structures were identified on the basis of spectral data and physicochemical properties. Result： 11 Compounds were isolated from root of C.scolymus and their structures were identified as ethyl caffeate（ 1）,5-methoxyfurfural（ 2）,vanillic acid（ 3）,protocatechuic aldehyde（ 4）,5-O-caffeoyl quinic acid methyl ester（ 5）,apigenin（ 6）,luteolin（ 7）,luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucoside（ 8）,cynarine（ 9） cynarine methyl ester（ 10） and β-sitosterol（ 11）. Conclusion： Compounds2,3,and 4 were isolated from Cynara for the first time and compounds 1,5,and 10 were isolated from root of C. scolymus for the first time.