中国居民谷类食物摄入状况及变化

Present Situation of Consumption and Variation of Cereal in China

目的:分析我国城乡居民谷类食物的摄入状况及变化。方法:数据来自"2010—2012年中国居民营养与健康状况监测"调查。采用多阶段分层与人口成比例的整群随机抽样方法抽取31省份150个监测点62 857名居民。采用连续3d 24h膳食回顾法收集谷类食物的摄入情况。采用2009年国家统计局公布的人口数据,经过复杂抽样加权处理,计算中国居民谷类食物的摄入量。结果:2010—2012年我国居民平均每标准人日谷类食物摄入量为335.4 g,城市(279.8 g)显著低于农村(388.6g),大城市、中小城市、普通农村和贫困农村谷类摄入量呈递增趋势,分别为265.7、282.2、371.6、426.8g。过去30年,我国居民谷类食物的摄入量总体上呈下降趋势,尤其是杂粮类食物摄入量下降最为明显。相比于1982年,谷类食物摄入量下降了172.4 g(33.8%)。结论:过去30年我国居民谷类食物的摄入量呈下降趋势,需要引导居民合理摄入谷类食物。

[Objective]To analyze the consumption and variation tendency of cereal in China.[Method]Data were collected from2010-2012 China National Nutrition and Health Survey.By using the Multi-stage Cluster Randomization Sampling Method,and the 62 857 participants were from 31 provinces in China.Cereal consumption information was collected by using 24 hour recall method for 3 consecutive days.Standardization was performed based on the China 2009 population published by National Statistics Bureau.The consumption of cereal was reported after weight adjustment for complex sampling.[Result]The average consumption of cereal was 335.4g（d·person） for Chinese in 2010—2012.The residents in urban（279.8g） had a lower consumption of cereal than that of rural（388.6g）.The consumption of cereal increased gradually in big city（265.7g）,medium/small city（282.2g）,general rural（371.6g） and poor rural（426.8g）.In past 30 years,the cereal consumption decreased gradually for Chinese,especially coarse cereal.Compared to 1982,the cereal consumption reduced by 172.4g（33.8%）.[Conclusion]In past 30 years,the cereal consumption decreased gradually for Chinese and we should take some measures to lead Chinese to reasonable intake cereal.