结肠癌患者肠道菌群变化的临床研究

Changes of intestinal flora in patients with colorectal cancer

目的对比分析结肠癌患者肠道菌群数量变化的特点,为结肠癌的治疗提供新途径。方法选取2014年6月至2015年6月在本院就诊的结肠癌患者48例为试验组,同期在本院体检的48例健康者为对照组。取两组患者粪便标本进行传统菌落培养与计数检测,同时采用荧光定量聚合酶链反应(qPCR)法检测肠道细菌相对含量与相关基因表达拷贝数。结果菌落计数结果显示试验组大肠埃希菌、屎肠球菌和酵母菌数量多于对照组,而双歧杆菌和乳酸杆菌数量少于对照组,组间比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。荧光定量PCR的方法进行分析结果显示试验组的拟杆菌相对含量明显低于对照组,而丁酸盐产生菌数也低于对照组(P<0.05),两组的总菌基因拷贝数、拟杆菌基因拷贝数与辅酶A基因拷贝数对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论结肠癌患者大肠埃希菌、屎肠球菌和酵母菌数量明显增加,双歧杆菌和乳酸杆菌数量明显减少,肠道菌群数量变化在结肠癌的发生和发展中可能发挥一定作用。

Objective To analyze the characteristics of intestinal microflora in patients with colon cancer,and provide a new evidence for the treatment of colon cancer.Methods Forty-eight patients with colon cancer in our hospital during June 2014 to June 2015 were selected as the observation group,forty-eight healthy people as the control group.Stool specimens were collected from both groups for the detection of intestinal bacteria with the methods of fluorescence quantitative PCR and conventional culture and colony counts.The characteristics of intestinal microflora were analyzed comparatively.Results Compared with the control group,the counts of Escherichia coli,Enterococcus faecium and yeasts in the observation group increased significantly,while those of Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli decreased significantly（P〈0.05）.The quantitative PCR analysis showed that the relative quantity of bacteroides in the observation group were significantly lower than that in the control group,so was the relative number of butyrate-producing bacteria（P〈0.05）.There were statistically significant differences in the total bacterial gene copy number,bacteroides gene copy number and coenzyme A gene copy number between the two groups（P〉0.05）.Conclusion The quantities of Escherichia coli,Enterococcus faecium and yeasts increased in patients with colon cancer,while those of Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli decreased.The changes of intestinal microflora may play a certain role in the occurrence and development of colon cancer.