广州市13家医院助产人力资源现状与需求分析

The current status and requirement needs in midwifery talent team in Guangzhou

目的:调查广州市助产人力资源现状与需求情况。方法:采用方便抽样法选取广州市内的医院13家,采用自行设计的问卷和专家访谈法进行调研。结果:(1)助产士学历以大专、本科为主(占86.3%);职称以初级为主(占76.5%);专业以助产为主(占84.8%);工作年限以4~20年为主(占71.1%);助产士编制以合同制为主(占66.0%)。(2)现有助产士人数及医院产床数的配置均未达到标准。(3)三级和二级医院流失的助产士占现有助产士人数的12.5%,流失的助产士学历以大专和本科为主,全部是初级职称,编制均为合同制。(4)除专业技能外,医院对助产士的人文素质提出了很高的要求。结论:助产人才学历、职称偏低,各级医院助产士缺乏现象严重,助产士人才流失较多,未来需求量大,医院对助产士的知识和能力提出了更高要求,我国应大力发展助产高层次教育,医院管理部门应采取对策稳定助产士人才队伍。

Objective： To investigate the current status and requirement needs in midwifery talent team in Guangzhou. Methods： Totally 13 hospitals in Guangzhou were recruited using convenience sampling method, and were surveyed with selfdesigned questionnaire and expert interviews. Results：（1） The educational background of midwifery was mainly college and bachelor degree（accounting for 86.3%）. The professional title was mainly primary（accounting for 76.5%）. The specialty was mainly midwifery（accounting for 84.8%）. The length of employment was mostly 4 to 20 years（accounting for 71.1%）. Most midwives were contract nurses（accounting for 66.0%）.（2） The number of midwives and obstetric tables in the hospitals were all not up to the standards.（3） The tertiary and secondary hospitals lost 12.5% of the existing midwives, whose educational background were mainly college and bachelor degree, and who were all primary title and contract nurses. All levels of the hospitals had a huge demand for midwives in the next three years.（4） In addition to professional skills, hospitals raised a very high claim for humanistic quality of midwives. Conclusion： The educational background and professional title of midwives were still at the low level. The hospitals were short of midwives seriously and there will be a big demand for midwives in the future. Hospitals had a higher requirement for midwives＇ knowledge structure. China should vigorously develop high-level midwifery education. Hospital managers should take countermeasures to stable midwife talent team.