可穿戴式医疗芯片研究进展

Research progress of wearable medical chips

医疗芯片的研发需要借助微电子学与生物医学领域的结合。作为医疗芯片的重要组成部分,可穿戴式医疗芯片主要用于采集及处理关键生理信号,以此获得相应的生理信息,实时监控使用者的健康状况,实现对突发病症进行及时救治、对重大疾病的预防,降低死亡率。因此,可穿戴式医疗芯片将是现代以预防为主的新医疗体系的关键模块。本文基于可穿戴式的应用环境以及生理信号的特点,分析了对可穿戴式医疗芯片的设计要求,总结了实现可穿戴式医疗芯片的关键技术,包括低功耗、全集成、低噪声等;综述了可穿戴式医疗芯片的研究进展,包括用于处理心电、脑电、脉搏波、呼吸等重要生理信号的芯片及系统;展望了可穿戴式医疗芯片的未来。随着微电子、集成电路技术及生物医学的发展,可穿戴式医疗芯片将具有更多的功能、形式,满足人们在医疗与健康方面的更多需求。

The medical chip is a new interdisciplinary area covering microelectronics and biomedical engineering. As an important part of the medical chip, the wearable medical chip is usually used to obtain and process important physiological signals. By this way, the wearable chip can be used to extract corresponding physiological information, monitor the health condition of the users, treat the sudden diseases in time, predict the critical diseases and decrease the mortality. Wearable chips are an important building block of the new medical treatment system based on the policy of putting prevention first. This paper contains three parts to introduce the status of the wearable medical chips.Firstly, the requirements and the key techniques in the wearable medical chip design are summarized, such as the low power, full integration and low noise design methods, based on analyzing the wearable application environment and the characteristics of physiological signals. Secondly, the research progress of wearable medical chips are reviewed, including the chips and systems for processing electrocardiogram（ECG） signal, electroencephalography（EEG） signal, pulse wave, and respiration signal. Finally, the feature of wearable medical chips is discussed at the end of the paper. With the development of microelectronics, integrated circuit and biomedical engineering,there will be more kinds of wearable medical chips with more functions and patterns to satisfy the demands of the health and medical treatment.