纯电动汽车机电复合制动控制策略的研究

Control Strategy for Electro-Mechanical Braking of Electric Vehicle

为了使纯电动汽车在制动过程中既可以满足安全需求又能尽量多地回收制动能量,在分析了机电复合制动系统的基本原理之后,充分考虑其工作特性的限制,提出基于制动器优先选择的机电复合制动控制策略,并设计了制动力分配模糊控制器。搭建了纯电动汽车机电复合制动的仿真模型进行安全性验证,并将此模型嵌入到ADVISOR2002中测试制动能量回收效率。结果表明,设计的控制策略达到了预先设计的安全要求,在CYC_UDDS工况下,制动能量回收效率达到了44.25%,较ADVISOR自带的控制策略提高了70%。这对纯电动汽车延长续驶里程,提高整车的能量利用率具有较大的意义。

In order to both meet requirements of safety and enhance the energy recover efficiency in the braking process for electric vehicles, in this paper, the principle of the electro-mechanical composite braking system is analyzed, a control strategy for the electric vehicle braking system based on the priority of actuators is proposed, a fuzzy controller for the force distribution is established, which would take full consideration of the restriction of the braking system. With the electro-mechanical hybrid braking dynamic model, safety validation can be tested, and then by embedding the model into the ADVISOR 2002 platform, the regenerative braking efficiency would be analyzed under standard driving cycles. The results show that the braking force distribution strategy not only meets the safety requirement of the braking process, but also improves the regenerative braking efficiency by 70 % compared to the original control strategy, which reaches 44.25 % in the CYC_UDDS driving cycle. It has a vital meaning to prolong the mileage and improve the regenerative braking efficiency.