美国社区图书馆志愿者管理模式探析

Analysis on Management Mode of Community Library Volunteers in America

在美国,志愿者是社区图书馆人力资源的重要组成部分,在促进社区图书馆发展过程中扮演了十分重要的角色。采用文献调研、案例分析、比较分析等方法,从美国志愿服务的社会文化背景出发,对美国社区图书馆志愿者管理模式进行深入分析后发现,美国社区图书馆志愿者服务的主要成功经验在于,建立了完善的法律体系、制定了科学的志愿者行为规划、形成了多元的招募和管理制度、多样化的管理模式、科学的培训体系、有效的激励评价机制和认证保护制度。从我国实际情况出发,可以得到以下启示:从不同群体出发,运用多种手段促进志愿文化的形成;制定图书馆志愿者服务法律保障体系;建立完善的社区图书馆志愿者管理模式和制度;明确志愿者服务的工作职责和边界,建立科学有效的激励评价制度和认证许可制度。

As an important part of human resource of community library service, volunteers play a significant role in the development of community libraries. Starting from the social cultural background of volunteer service, methods such as literature survey, case study, and comparative analysis are used to deeply analyze the management mode of community library volunteer in America. It is believed that the success of community library service in the United States was the formation of a perfect organization and legal protection system, a fine volunteer behavior planning system, a variety of volunteer recruitment and management system, diversified management modes, a scientific training system, and an effective evaluation incentive system and certification protection system. Based on the actual situation, China gained enlightenments in： Promoting the formation of volunteer culture by multiple means from different groups; formulating legal security system of library volunteer service; establishing complete community library volunteer management mode and system; specifying the duty of volunteer service, and building scientific and effective evaluation incentive mechanism and certification permission system.