微生物系统定向进化与合成生物学应用研究进展

Advances on Applications of Synthetic Biology and Directed Evolution in Microbial Systems

当前,生物技术应用常常需要对多基因性状进行复杂的工程化改造,然而复杂表型的遗传基础背景的缺乏限制了人们进行理性设计的能力。人们利用合成生物学工具可以对复杂表型在系统水平进行工程化改造,通过定向进化策略推动整个生物系统的进化,在不知道目标性状的遗传基础的情况下仍可以获得人们所期望的表型。合成生物学的发展加速了生物的定向进化过程,利用其可以对生物系统中复杂性状进行工程化改造。对当前合成生物学在微生物系统中复杂性状定向进化的研究进展进行综述。

Nowadays,there are needs to engineer complex multi-genic traits in modern biotechnology applications;however,ourcapability to rationally engineer them is limited by the lack of knowledge on the genetic basis of complex phenotypes. Using synthetic biologicalmeasures,complex phenotypes can be engineered at the systems level,and via directed evolution strategies the whole biological system maybe driven toward desired phenotypes without requiring the knowledge of the genetic basis of the targeted traits. The latest developments in thesynthetic biology accelerate the directed evolution cycle,facilitating engineering of increasingly complex traits in biological systems. Herein,the recent advances on synthetic biology in directed evolution of complex traits in microbial systems are reviewed.