稻草还田条件下氮素基、蘖肥减量对小麦生长及产量的影响

Effects of Nitrogen Base Fertilizer and Tiller Fertilizer Reduction on Growth and Yield of Wheat under Condition of Returning Rice Straw to Field

研究了稻草还田条件下减少基蘖肥对小麦产量、农艺性状及氮肥利用率等的影响,结果表明:基本苗为300万株/hm2时,基肥不施氮、分蘖肥减半,小麦产量增加;基肥、拔节孕穗肥不减,分蘖肥减氮50%提高了小麦有效穗数与成穗率;基肥、蘖肥减量施用提高了小麦千粒重并增加了每穗粒数;基、蘖肥减量施用提高了小麦氮肥农学利用率。

This paper studied the effects of reducing the application rate of nitrogen base fertilizer and tiller fertilizer on the yield,agronomic characters and nitrogen fertilizer utilization efficiency of wheat under the condition of returning rice straw to field.The results indicated that：under the condition of 3 million basic seedlings per hectare,the wheat yield increased when tiller nitrogen fertilizer was reduced by 50% without base fertilizer; the effective panicle number and earbearing tiller rate of wheat were increased when tiller fertilizer was decreased by 50%; when the application rate of both base fertilizer and tiller fertilizer was reduced,the 1000-grain weight,number of grains per panicle,and nitrogen fertilizer utilization efficiency of wheat were increased.