大学生自我价值感在父母教养方式与积极品质间的中介作用

Mediating role of sense of self-worth in the association between parenting style and positive quality among college students

目的探究大学生积极品质与自我价值感、父母教养方式间的关系,为大学生积极品质培养和发展提供依据。方法采用青少年学生自我价值感量表、父母教养方式问卷和大学生积极品质问卷,对分层抽取的重庆4所高校的1 698名在校大学生进行调查,用SPSS 21.0和AMOS 21.0进行统计分析和中介效应检验。结果关怀、自主性的父母教养方式与大学生自我价值感所有维度均呈正相关(P值均<0.05);冷漠拒绝的父母教养方式与大学生自我价值感所有维度均呈负相关(P值均<0.05);过度保护的父母教养方式与大学生除社会取向的道德自我价值感、个人取向的生理自我价值感外的各维度均呈负相关(P值均<0.05);大学生积极品质的智能与知识、正直与勇气、人性与爱、正义与合作、自我管理与谦逊、灵性与超越6个维度均与大学生自我价值感各维度呈正相关(P值均<0.01)。大学生自我价值感在父母教养方式与积极品质间的中介效应有统计学意义(a=0.504,b=0.426,a×b=0.215,c=0.508,P值均<0.01),中介效应量占总效应的42.3%。结论大学生自我价值感在父母教养方式与积极品质间有中介作用。

Objective To explore the associations among positive quality, sense of self-worth and parenting style among students. Methods Adolescent Sense of Self-Worth Scale, Questionnaire of Family Parenting Style and Questionnaire of Adolescent Positive Quality were investigated among 1 698 undergraduates from four universities in Chongqing. Mediating effect was tested by using SPSS 21.0 and AMOS 21.0. Results Warm and autonomous parenting style positively, neglect and rejection parental style negatively correlated with self-worth. There was a significant negative correlations between over-protective with feelings of moral self- worth, individual dimension of self-worth（P〈0.05）. Positive qualities including intelligence and knowledge, integrity and courage, humanity and love, justice and cooperation, self-management and humility, spirituality showed significant positive correlations with self-worth（ P〈0.01）. The mediating effect of sense of self-worth in associations between parenting style and positive quality was significant（a=0.504, P〈0.01; b=0.426, P〈 0.01; a×b=0.215, P〈0.01, c=0.508, P〈0.01）, and the mediating effect （a×b/c） was 42.3%. Conclusion Sense of self-worth has an intermediary role between parenting style and positive quality among college students.