人口供给侧改革的经济学与生物学解释

The Economic and Biological Explanation of Population Supply-side Reform

全面二孩政策作为人口供给侧改革的突破口,具有经济学与生物学的重大意义。现阶段,该政策面临如下困境:生育观念难以转变,生育欲望消退;不孕不育高发,生育能力降低;医疗资源紧张,生育健康风险增加;人口素质下降,家庭观念淡薄;工作压力增加,养育精力减少;生活成本增长,住房条件难以保障。面对当前人口老龄化、年轻劳动力负增长,独生子女增多、"失独"风险突出,在学人数减少、教育规模萎缩,单身危机爆发、社会秩序遭受冲击等背景,推进人口供给侧改革迫在眉睫。

Comprehensive two-child policy, as a breakthrough of reform of the population supply-side, has great significance in the economics and biology fields. At present, the implementation of comprehensive two-child policy is faced with many difficulties, such as unchanged fertility concept with fading fertility desire, high infertility ratio with reduced fertility ability, few medical resources with more fertility health risk, decreasing individual quality with weak family concept, high working pressure with little fertility energy and high living price with housing condition no guarantee. In any case, promoting the reform of population supply side is imminent when we are in the background of aging population, negative-growth young labor and slow economy growth, more one-child family with more risk of no child family, few students with shrink education size and single crisis with breaking society order.