红细胞凋亡在心血管相关疾病中的研究进展

Research progress of erythrocyte apoptosis in cardiovascular diseases

红细胞凋亡作为循环红细胞体内清除的一种程序性死亡,表现为体积皱缩、细胞膜起泡和/或翻转,其潜在机制包括胞内Ca^(2+)浓度异常升高、氧化应激水平加剧及神经酰胺胞内过多堆积等。大量研究证实,过多的红细胞凋亡参与了微循环障碍、局部血栓形成、贫血等诸多病理状态,同时还与高胆固醇血症、心力衰竭、糖尿病、肾功能不全等疾病的发生进展密切相关。文章就红细胞凋亡的触发机制及其与心血管相关疾病进展的关系等方面进行综述。

Erytosis,a programed suicidal death of the red cells,is characterized by erythrocyte shrinkage,blebbing,and phospholipid scrambling of the cell membrane.Behind mechanisms include abnormal increased concentration of intracellular Ca^2＋,aggravated oxidative stress,excess burden of ceramide and so on.Excessive red blood cell apoptosis was shown to participate in several pathological processes such as microcirculation dysfunction,local thrombosis formation,and anemia worsening.Furthermore studies confirmed key roles of erytosis in the initiation and progress of hypercholesterolemia,cardiac failure,diabetes,renal failure and other diseases.This paper provided the readers a thorough review of trigger mechanisms and the potential association with cardiovascular related diseases.