肌肉失神经改变的MRI表现及研究进展

MR appearance and research progress of muscle denervation

肌肉失神经支配可导致形态学、电生理学及组织代谢等多方面的改变。MRI不仅能有效评价失神经支配肌肉的形态学及病生理学改变,也可以利用扩散加权成像(DWI)及扩散张量成像(DTI)等技术探测肌细胞内外水分子运动状况。受损的神经在一定时间内再生可以恢复对靶肌的支配,近年来部分研究者提出可通过观察不同程度神经损伤后靶肌肉信号的演变从而预测神经损伤的类型及预后。就肌肉失神经改变的MRI表现及研究进展进行综述。

Muscle denervation can result in changes in many aspects including morphology, electrophysiology, tissue metabolism and so on. Clinical diagnosis of muscle denervation is mostly based on physical and electrophysiological examinations. MRI is not only effective in evaluating morphological and pathophysiological changes of denervated muscles, but also can detect water movement condition within and outside of muscle cells with the help of diffusion weighted imaging （DWI） and diffusion tensor imaging （DTI）. Recently, some scholars suggest that monitoring signal evolution of denervated target muscles result from different extent of nerve lesion can help predict the degree and prognosis of nerve injury. In this paper, the MR appearance and research progress of muscle denervation were reviewed.