基于同一性理论的大学生职业认同发展研究

Research on Occupational Identity Development of Undergraduate Students Based on Identity Status Theory

基于詹姆斯·玛西亚的同一性理论,可以将大学生职业认同状态划分为职业认同弥散、职业认同早闭、职业认同延缓与职业认同达成四种。大学生职业认同发展就是大学生向职业认同达成状态转化,度过职业认同危机,确定并努力实现职业目标的过程,具有结构的层次多样性、机制的主观能动性、过程的动态发展性、动力的多元复杂性。高水平的职业认同对提升大学生专业发展水平、毕业生就业质量与创新创业教育质量具有重要意义。

Referring to James Marcia＇s identity status theory, the undergraduate students＇ occupational identity could be divided into occupational identity diffusion, occupational identity foreclosure, occupational identity moratorium and occupational identity achievement. The occupational identity development of undergraduate students is that they grow into the status of identity achievement, overcome the identity crisis to establish and achieve occupational goals. What＇s more, by the research, the characteristics of the occupational identity development of undergraduate students could be found with the characteristics as level diversity of structure, subjective diversity of mechanism, dynamic developmental of process, multiple complexity of dynamic. Moreover, the value of occupational identity development of undergraduate students includes enhancing the level of their professional learning, promoting the quality of graduates employment and improving the quality of creative education.