乐清湾湿地鸟类多样性特征及季节变动

Bird Diversity and Seasonal Dynamics at Yueqing Bay,Zhejiang,China

在2015~2016年间,分四季调查了乐清湾湿地鸟类资源状况。共调查到鸟类195种,分属16目46科,其中春季11目34科114种9 998只,夏季14目37科98种5 449只,秋季15目42科112种6 569只,冬季11目35科119种7 552只,不同季节鸟类物种数和个体数量差异较大。从丰富度指数看,冬季最高(13.21),夏季最低(8.89)。从多样性指数看,春季最高(4.57),秋季最低(3.95)。从相似度指数看,春季和冬季之间最高(57.82%),春季与夏季之间最低(33.33%)。结果表明夏秋季节的鸟类多样性低于冬春季节,候鸟迁徙是乐清湾鸟类多样性存在季节性变化的主要原因。

We investigated the species status of the birds in Yueqing Bay over four seasons from2015 to 2016.A total of 195 species was recorded,representing 16 orders and 46 families.The numbers of species and individuals varied significantly by season.We recorded 9 998 individuals of114 species（11 orders and 34 families） in spring,5 449 individuals of 98 species（14 orders and 37families） in summer,6 569 individuals of 112 species（15 orders and 42 families） in autumn,and7 552 individuals and 119 species（11 orders and 35 families） in winter.Species richness was highest in winter（13.21） and lowest in summer（8.89）.Diversity was highest in spring（4.57）,and lowest in autumn（3.95）.Similarity of spring and winter was highest（57.82%）,and similarity was lowest（33.33%） between spring and summer.All results showed that bird diversity was higher in spring and winter than in summer and autumn.Migration proved to be a major factor influencing seasonal variation in bird diversity at Yueqing Bay.