豹的人工育幼

Captive Breeding of Leopard(Panthera pardus)

郑州市动物园饲养5只豹,2雄3雌。2014年3月27日,其中1只母豹进入生育期,且第一次怀孕,该怀孕母豹生下1只小豹。通过监控发现,母豹分娩后十分惊恐,叼着小豹四处躲藏,拒绝哺乳,于是将幼豹拿出,进行人工育幼。新出生的小豹发育正常,个体较小,体重约500 g。每天用刚挤出的新鲜山羊奶代替母乳进行人工育幼。经过60多天的人工哺育,小豹体重和体长增加明显,由初生时的450 g增加至1 900 g,体长(含尾长)由37 cm增长至62 cm。根据幼豹的生长发育特点及观察结果,总结出幼豹在不同发育时期对温度、湿度及营养等生长条件的要求。

Leopard（Panthera pardus） represents the family Felidae of the order Carnivora.Leopard is a first class nationally protected animal.It occupies forested hills,mainly in the Taihang mountain and Funiu mountain areas.Leopards typically breed at the end of winter or the beginning of spring.After about three months of pregnancy litter size is 2 to 3 cubs.Captive breeding of leopard is difficult because of the small captive population size and environmental factors in zoos.Numbers of leopards decrease annually in zoos.Zhengzhou Zoo holds five leopards（two male and three female）.One of the two female leopards entered her first pregnancy and on 27 March 2016,gave birth to one cub.After giving birth,the adult leopard appeared frightened,holding the infant in its mouth,hiding,and failing to feed the cub.When we removed the cub,it was well developed,weighing around 500 grams.We feed it with fresh goat milk as a replacement for leopard milk.After more than 60 days of bottle feeding,the cub＇ s body weight increased from 450 to 1900 grams and its body length（including tail length） increased from 38 to 62 cm.Based on our observations and the growth characteristics of the cub,we summarize here the temperature,humidity and nutrition requirements of developmental stages of neo-nate leopard.