黑翅长脚鹬南方繁殖地的发现与简报

Breeding Sites of Himantopus himantopus in South China

明确了黑翅长脚鹬(Himantopus himantopus)在广东省深圳、香港、惠州和中山的4个小型繁殖地,其中香港繁殖地在2003年被首次观察到并延续至今。南方的4个繁殖地都明显的更接近人类活动区,这可能同广东沿海区域有更大的人为干扰压力相关。惠州直接筑巢于裸露、偏干燥的滩涂上,其巢材组成以亚热带红树植物无瓣海桑(Sonneratia apetala)枯枝为主,疏朗而无内壁,透水性更强而保温能力较小,适应亚热带气候。4个繁殖地的周边植被多有灌草丛,有较多的裸露滩涂和水面,类似部分北方繁殖地。在南方繁殖地观察到其对人、狗的鸣叫警告行为,以及对黑耳鸢(Milvus lineatus)的飞行驱赶行为。同域繁殖鸟类包括环颈鸻(Charadrius alexandrinus)、普通燕鸻(Glareola maldivarum)。广东汕头市达濠区、汕尾市小漠镇也可能有繁殖地。

We located three breeding sites of Himantopus himantopus in Shenzhen,Huizhou and Zhongshan in Guangdong Province,and one in Hong Kong Special Administrative Region,all of which extend the species breeding range to the subtropics.The site in Hong Kong was first identified in 2003 and has since been used continuously.Compared to northern breeding areas,the nests at these four sites were significantly closer to human activity areas,possibly related to the greater levels of human disturbance pressure in Guangdong and Hong Kong.The nest was built directly on the unvegetated beach in Huizhou,and the main nest material was from the mangrove species Sonneratia apetala.The nesting material was porous and the nest lacked an inner wall,making it more permeable and providing less insulation,therefore better suited to the subtropicalclimate.Similar to more northerly nesting sites,shrubs and grasses were the main vegetation around this area,and the site had some standing water and sand beach.At these southern breeding sites,disturbance by humans and dogs was common,as was potential predation by Milvus lineatus.Sympatric breeding birds including Charadrius alexandrinus and Glareola maldivarum.