乳铁蛋白与早产儿坏死性小肠结肠炎

Lactoferrin and necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants

坏死性小肠结肠炎是早产儿常见主要并发症之一，具有较高的病死率和发病率，可以导致多种远期并发症，如短肠综合征、全身感染、眼部疾病、营养不良和神经系统发育障碍等。乳铁蛋白是母乳中的一种成分，具有抗细菌、抗病毒、抗真菌、增强免疫力等多种作用。新近许多研究评估了乳铁蛋白防治坏死性小肠结肠炎的效果和安全性。应用乳铁蛋白预防和治疗坏死性小肠结肠炎对于提高早产儿的预后具有很重要作用。

Necrotizing enterocolitis （NEC）in neonates is the most important neonatal problems in nursery and is associated with high neonatal mortality and morbidity. NEC also leads to various long term complications, including short bowel syndrome, systemic infection, eye problems, nutritional deficiency and neurodevelopmental impairments. Lactoferrin（LF） is a component of breast milk and has multiple actions include antimicrobial, antiviral, anti-fungal and enhance immunity and so on. Studies have been completed and a number of trails are going on for evaluation of efficacy and safety of LF in the prevention of NEC. LF prophylaxis and therapy may have a significant impact on improving clinical outcomes of vulnerable premature infants.