个人信息的类型化分析及区分保护

Typical Analysis and Differentiated Protection of Personal Information

大数据时代充分利用个人信息的迫切需求,对各国个人信息保护法提出了巨大挑战。个人信息的人格属性和财产属性、个体性和社会性的矛盾统一于个人信息的利用行为中。然而,各种个人信息识别信息主体的程度各有不同,在社会交往活动中的媒介作用不同,与人格尊严的紧密程度亦不同,实践中不应当对个人信息采取单一的保护模式。对于同时满足间接识别性、社会性强、非敏感性三个特征的个人信息,与信息主体的人格尊严联系较为疏远,不必采取传统的人格权保护模式,采取财产权益一元保护的模式即可。而对于符合直接识别性、个体性强、敏感性任何一个特征的个人信息,应当采取二元保护模式,即人格权益和财产权益共同受到保护的模式。

In big data era , full use for personal information puts forward a huge challenge to protect personal information all over the world. The personality attributes and property attributes, individuality and sociality about personal informa- tion which are contradicted coexist in the use of personal information. However, identification level, the media role in the social activities and the close degree of dignity are different about all sorts of personal information. A single protection mode should not be taken in practice consequently. Such information far away from personal dignity which meets together three features i. e. indirect, social strongly and non - sensitive do not have to take the traditional personal right protection mode which should be replaced by property rights and interests protection mode solely. Inversely such information which meet only one feature i.e. direct, individual strongly or sensitive should be taken protected by the dual mode, namely personality and property rights and interests protection.