露头类比方法在地下储层建模中的应用进展

Progress of the Outcrop Analogy Method Application in the Modeling of Underground Reservoirs

储层建模是油藏表征的有力工具,在油气生产中具有重要意义。近年来储层建模所面临的最大挑战就是井间储层预测,露头类比技术能够很好地弥补地球物理及地质统计方法在建模中的空白。从露头类比的起源开始,总结露头探测技术的进展,详细归纳了露头类比方法在地质建模过程中的应用,包括不同种类露头数据的提取以及露头数据在网格设计、沉积相模型、属性模型以及裂缝模型中的应用。研究认为,露头类比已成为提高地质建模精细度的有效手段,国内外学者已做了大量工作,取得了很多成果,但由于地质情况复杂、露头数据有限,露头类比工作依然存在一定的问题和挑战,如露头数据的不确定性、露头的代表性、露头资料的整合与存储以及露头定量模式的缺乏。针对我国的研究现状,指出了露头类比方法在地质建模应用中的发展趋势,这对于油气田开发井间预测具有重要实际意义,对于开发地质学科也具有一定的理论意义。

Reservoir modeling is a powerful tool for reservoir characterization,and is important in oil and gas production.In recent years,the greatest challenge of reservoir modeling is the prediction of the reservoir between wells because of the low resolution of geophysics and geostatistics.The outcrop analogy can make up the gap.From the origin of the outcrop analogy,the paper summarizes the progress of the outcrop detection technology,and the application of the outcrop analogy method in the geological modeling,including the extraction of different kinds of outcrop data and the data application in the grid design,facies modeling,property modeling and fracture modeling.The research shows that the outcrop analogy has become an effective method to improve the precision of geological modeling.However,due to the complex geological conditions and limited outcrop database,there are still some problems and challenges,such as the uncertainty and representative of the data,the integration of the outcrop data and the lack of quantitative models.In view of the present situation of China,this paper points out that the outcrop analogy method in the geological modeling,has important practical significance for the development of the oil and gas fields,and it also has some theoretical significance for the development of geological science.