运动康复结合饮食指导对心脏瓣膜置换患者术后的影响

Influence of exercise rehabilitation combined diet guidance on patients after heart valve replacement

目的:观察运动康复结合饮食指导对心脏瓣膜置换患者术后心功能及生活质量的影响。方法:选择我院120例心脏瓣膜置换术后的患者,随机分为:对照组(60例,接受常规健康教育)和实验组(60例,在常规健康教育的基础上加上指导饮食和运动康复)。出院后门诊随访6个月,随访观察两组患者术后6个月体重、心功能和生活质量,并进行统计学比较。结果:与对照组比较,出院6个月后,实验组患者的左室射血分数[(51.75±9.30)%比(57.73±6.13)%]和代谢当量[(7.05±1.85)METs比(11.34±2.18)METs]明显增加(P<0.05或<0.01),生活质量各项评分及总分[(4.98±0.40)分比(6.49±0.53)分]显著提高(P均<0.01);体重[(67.75±10.67)kg比(61.25±10.34)kg]明显降低(P<0.05)。结论:运动康复结合指导饮食可避免心脏瓣膜病患者术后体重快速增加,促进心脏功能恢复,提高生活质量。

Objective： To observe influence of exercise rehabilitation combined diet guidance on cardiac function and quality of life （QOL） in patients after heart valve replacement. Methods： A total of 120 patients after heart valve replacement were selected and randomly divided into control group （n = 60, received routine health education） and experiment group （n = 60, received diet guidance and exercise rehabilitation based on routine health education）. After discharge, patients received outpatient follow-up for six months, body weight, cardiac function and QOL on six months after surgery were followed up and observed in two groups, and the results were statistically compared. Results： Compared with control group six months after discharge, there were significant rise in left ventricular ejection fraction [ （51.75 ±9.30）% vs. （57.73 ±6.13） % ] and oxygen metabolic equivalent [ （7. 05±1.85） METs vs. （11.34 ±2.18） METs ], and each item score of QOL and total score of QOL [ （4.98 ± 0.40） scores vs. （6. 49 ±0.53） scores], P〈0.05 or 〈0.01 ; and significant reduction in body weight [ （67. 75±10. 67） kg vs. （61.25 ± 10. 34） kg] in experiment group, P〈0. 01. Conclusion： Exercise rehabili- tation combined diet guidance can avoid rapid increase in body weight after surgery, promote recovery of cardiac function and improve quality of life after surgery in patients with heart valvular diseases.