地方戏曲院团与高校联合培养人才模式探讨——以亳州二夹弦为考察中心

On the Joint Talents Cultivation between Local Opera Troupes and Colleges:Taking the Erjiaxian Troupe of Bouzhou City as an Example

二夹弦流布于鲁、豫、皖地区,2008年正式被列入国家级非物质文化遗产名录,是极具地方特色和研究价值的稀见戏曲剧种。亳州市二夹弦剧团是全国唯一有能力组织完整演出的剧团,但也出现人才青黄不接的问题,该剧团探索了剧团与高校联合培养传承人的模式。在"非遗"视阈下进行研究,发现该培养模式具有学历培养、教育资源、官方支持的优势,也存在师资和专业课程短缺、评价体系不完善、演出机会少的问题,而稀见戏曲的传承人培养关键在于师资和专业,保持其活态传承离不开舞台演出和原生地的土壤。由此可见,现阶段院团与高校联合培养传承人的条件尚未成熟。

Erjia Xian is a rare opera popular in the provinces of Shandong, Henan and Anhui in Chink It became one of national intangible cultural heritages in 2008, and has distinguished local characteristics and is of great value in research. The Erjia Xian Troupe of Bouzhou city, Anhui Province is the only troupe across the country capable of giving a complete opera performance, but it also faces the problem of temporary shortage of talented players, and now it is trying a joint inheritors cultivation with colleges. From the perspective of ＂intangible cultural heritage＂, this cultivation mode has the advantages in academic education, educational resources and official support, but at the same time is hindered by the shortage of teachers and specialized courses, imperfection of evaluation system, as well as slim chances of performance. Since the key factor of cultivating inheritors of rare operas lies in teachers and courses, stage performance and a native environment, without which any rare opera cannot live and develop, the present joint cultivation mode is not mature yet.