表象编码方式影响错误记忆的研究

Effects of Encoding Pattern of Mental Imagery on False Memory

考察表象编码方式对错误记忆的影响。结果发现,与整合表象编码比,个别表象编码能够促进项目的特异性加工,使项目更有区分性,阻止(或减弱)诱饵词的内隐表象激活,有利于个体获取表象的激活路径,减少错误记忆发生,说明表象编码方式对错误记忆具有重要影响。根据研究结果提出表象激活混淆假设,认为个体虽然可以使用表象作为信息表征方式,却无法直接获取与之联系的激活路径。当个体推测表象激活的来源时,容易混淆表象激活的来源,错误记忆就发生了。表象激活混淆假设为视觉表象引发错误记忆的心理机制提供了说明。

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of encoding pattern of mental imagery on false memory, which not only would help to better understand the inner mechanisms between mental imagery and false memory, but also contribute to inform illumina- tion about the use of guided imagery techniques in applied settings. As predicted by a distinctive encoding hypothesis, the resulsts of this study showed that generating individual images led to higher accuracy rates for presented items, and lower false memory rates for lures, than generating integrated images for subsets of items. The present results confirmed that generating individual images encouraged item - specific processing,precluding （ or at least attenuating） the activation of implicit representation for lures,and leading to the predicted substantial reductions in false memory rates. In conclusion, the present findings demonstrated that mental imagery had a role in the crea- tion of false memory. While it was important to mention that the author explained the findings of the inner mechanisms between mental imagery and false memory from the view of the Activation of Imagery Confusing Hypothesis. Furthermore, the Activation of Imagery Confusing Hupothesis provided specific view to understand the mechanism on how mental imagery evoked false memory.